LTV Syllabus
Launching Technology Ventures
Course Number 1757
Faculty: Jeff Bussgang, Allison Mnookin
Spring, Q3/4: 3 credits
Course Syllabus
The course materials are available online via the course platform (Canvas).
| Class date | Case | Guest |
| MODULE 1: IDEATION & CUSTOMER VALUE PROP EXPERIMENTS | ||
1 | 01/26/26 | Classtivity | No Guest |
2 | 01/29/26 | Summer Health | |
3 | 02/02/26 | C16 Bio | |
4 | 02/03/26 | Wiz | |
5 | 02/10/26 | Sober SideKick | |
| MODULE 2: GO TO MARKET EXPERIMENTS | ||
6 | 02/11/26 | Shippo | No Guest |
7 | 02/17/26 | AllSpice | |
8 | 02/18/26 | Blitzy | |
9 | 02/23/26 | Comun | |
| MODULE 3: PF EXPERIMENTS | ||
10 | 02/24/26 | Squire | |
11 | 03/03/26 | | |
12 | 03/04/26 | Fixie | |
13 | 03/09/26 | XYZ Robotics | |
14 | 03/10/26 | Business Model Exercise | Coaches |
| MODULE 4: THE STARTUP ORGANIZATION | ||
15 | 03/23/26 | 10x Joiner Workshop | |
16 | 03/24/26 | Build Workshop | |
17 | 03/25/26 | Agentic AI Workshop | |
| MODULE 5: ECOSYSTEM AND ETHICS | ||
18 | 03/30/26 | Founder Field Day | Brandon Farwell |
19 | 03/31/26 | Khatabook | No Guest |
20 | 04/01/26 | Everlywell | |
21 | 04/06/26 | Windsurf | Jeff Wang |
| MODULE 6: FINANCING AND EXITS | ||
22 | 04/07/26 | ReMo | |
23 | 04/13/26 | Chief | Lindsay Kaplan |
24 | 04/14/26 | Alaan | |
25 | 04/15/26 | Pitch Workshop | |
26 | 04/20/26 | Base44/Wix | |
27 | 04/21/26 | Wrap | No guest |
Background Reading:
Students are encouraged to review their notes from the MBA
First-Year Course, "The Entrepreneurial Manager” as well as Field, but
particularly the following Case Notes:
· Ten Tools for Design Thinking (UV5187)
· The Hypothesis-Driven Entrepreneurship: The Lean Start-Up (812-095)
· Business Model Analysis for Entrepreneurs (812-096)
·
Customer
Discovery and Validation for Entrepreneurs (812-097)
For students who want an accessible primer on software development processes
and coding, read:
A more detailed review of the standard methodology
for software development, which is central to experimentation, Continuous
Development, can be found here:
·
HBS
Teaching Note | Continuous Development
Finally, throughout the course we will draw on
Professor Jeff Bussgang's books, Entering StartUpLand and Mastering the VC Game, to provide context for how startups are organized and execute experiments
in their search for product-market fit. I will assign various chapters
throughout the semester.
MODULE 1: IDEATION AND
CUSTOMER VALUE PROPOSITION EXPERIMENTS
CLASS 1. CLASSTIVITY
Techstars graduate, Classtivity, has a vision
for helping people stay fit by making local gyms more accessible but has
struggled to achieve product-market fit. The founders are debating whether to
persist with their new model, which is getting some traction, or contemplate
launching a second major pivot. There is no class guest.
Readings:
·Readings:
- HBS Case 817-002 | Classtivity
- Chris Dixon | Founder/market fit
- Chris Dixon | The idea maze
- Marc Andreessen | The Pmarca Guide to Startups, part 4: The only thing that matters
Optional Readings:
- Steve Blank | Vision versus Hallucination – Founders and Pivots
- Nicholas Fruend | How the psychology of pivots holds us back
Assignment Questions:
1. The first business model, the search engine,
failed and the team pivoted away. Why did the team make such a large mistake?
Can you think of an MVP test they might have conducted that could have saved
them 18-24 months of work building the search engine?
2. Is Passport working? What is the business
model?
3. If you were Payal,
would you pivot away from Passport and pursue the subscription offering? Does
it have to be an either/or decision or can you stick with Passport while
experimenting with the subscription offering?
4. Evaluate Passport's unit economics and compare
it with the contemplated subscription offering. Based on the data in exhibits
3, 6, and 9:
i.
How favorable are the
unit economics?
ii. How would you assess the value proposition for both the user and the studio?
iii.
How sensitive are the
unit economics to your assumptions? For example, If you wanted a 3x LTV/CAC ratio
and assumed a lower conversion than shown in exhibit 9, such as 10%, what
monthly price would you need to charge assuming similar churn and class usage?
CLASS 2. SUMMER HEALTH
Introduction
Summer Health is a NYC-based pediatric telehealth startup. Founded in 2021, the company offered parents quick, text-based access to licensed pediatricians. The founder, an experienced telehealth executive, was inspired by her own struggles finding reliable after-hours care. As the startup expanded, the rise of generative AI spurred the team to consider integrating the technology. Despite not being an AI company, should they build out an AI platform, potentially altering the product roadmap and company priorities? Our class guest will be Summer Health CEO and founder Ellen DaSilva.
Readings
- HBS Case | Summer Health
- Noam Bardin | What is a Startup CEO’s Real Job?
- First Round Capital | The Four Levels of Product-Market Fit
Optional Readings:
- Michael Seibel | The Real Product-Market Fit
Assignment Questions
- Do you think Summer Health has achieved either “nascent” or “developing” product-market fit (level 1 or 2, according to the First Round reading)?
- Should the team pause their product roadmap to go “all in” on building out a fully AI-enabled platform? Or should DaSilva insist (as Noam Bardin writes) that the team “hold the line” and stay focused on delivering capabilities to their target customers?
- How should DaSilva make this decision? What are the key tests she might run to further collect information? Or should she just “go for it” and jump on the AI wave?
CLASS 3. C16 BIO
C16 Bio is a synthetic biology startup that is
replacing natural palm oil, whose harvesting is an environmentally damaging
process, with lab-grown palm oil. The founding team is beginning to figure out
the science and now needs to turn their attention to the business model. What
is the best point of entry for the product in the context of the value chain
and what business model should they construct? And should they choose a market
focus based on financing availability?
Readings:
· HBS Case 820-008 | C16 Bio
·
Abrahm Lustgarten
| Palm
Oil Was Supposed to Help Save the Planet. Instead It Unleashed a Catastrophe.
Optional Readings:
· Amy Feldman | The Life Factory: Synthetic Organisms From This $1.4 Billion Startup Will Revolutionize Manufacturing
Assignment Questions:
1. Should Shara take advantage of the market buzz/momentum
for food and jump right into that sector or do personal care first and then
food later?
2. If you think she should focus on personal
care, should she:
a.
build her own brand?
b.
build a white label
end product and get someone else to build the brand?
c. work with a challenger brand?
d.
work with a large
brand?
e.
why do you recommend
this choice?
3. Given your strategic choice, lay out your
12-18 month plan with respect to fundraising, hiring, experiments, and key
milestones.
CLASS 4. Wiz
Wiz is a Tel Aviv-based cloud security software startup. Founded in 2020, the company offered an easy-to-read visual map of the cloud components of an enterprise. After raising a large seed round to pursue their ambitious vision, the founders discover that their original concept is too vague and ahead of the market need. They pivot into the crowded "red ocean" market of cloud security and seek to establish differentiation as well as the right definition of their ideal customer profile (ICP). Our class guest will be Raaz Herzberg, Wiz CMO and VP Product Strategy (via Zoom).
Readings:
- HBS Case 826-XXX | Wiz
- The Generalist | The Founders Guide to Listening to Your Customers
- HBR | Blue Ocean Strategy
Optional Readings:
Paul Graham | Startup Lessons
Assignment Questions:
- What was it about Herzberg's approach or background that enabled her to develop the key insight, as well as the courage, that drove the company's original pivot? Why did the company's founders, despite being seasoned startup veterans, miss this insight?
- What truly differentiates Wiz's product? What is their competitive moat, and is it sustainable?
- Do you think they are right to "tackle the whole market" or should they define a more narrow ICP?
CLASS 5. SOBER SIDEKICK
Sober Sidekick is an app to support addicts.
The founder has successfully bootstrapped the company to $700K in annual
recurring revenue but is considering a business model pivot that will
temporarily take the revenue down to zero – just as he’s considering a
fundraise. Our class guest will be Sober Sidekick Founder & CEO Chris Thompson.
Readings:
· HBS Case | Sober Sidekick
· Brian Balfour | Product Market Fit
· Semil Shah | Startup Risk and Fear
·
First Round Review | How
Superhuman Built an Engine to Find Product-Market Fit
Optional Readings:
· Lenny Rachitsky| What Is a Good Activation Rate?
·
Sequoia | Selecting
the Right User Metric
Assignment Questions:
1. Who is Sober Sidekick’s customer? Should a
startup have only one “true North” customer?
2. Should Chris take his revenue to zero and
focus his business model on insurance payors?
3. In your judgment, what milestones does Chris
need to achieve to raise a seed financing? Who would be the right capital
partner for him and why?
4. What kind of business should Chris try to
build and what special obligations does he have, if any, given the nature of
the business and his customer?
MODULE 2: GO TO MARKET
EXPERIMENTS
CLASS 6. SHIPPO
Shippo is an SF-based startup trying to
revolutionize e-commerce shipping and fulfillment. The company is struggling to
decide the best go to market approach: API-based or application-based. Which
path will position the company best for success and why?
Readings:
- HBS Case 817-065 | Shippo
- Nick Kalliagkopoulos | COHORT ANALYSIS FOR STARTUPS 101
- Jonathan Hsu | Diligence at Social Capital Part 1: Accounting for User Growth
Optional Readings:
- Jeff Bussgang | Entering StartUpLand Chapter 3: The Business Development Manager
Assignment Questions:
1. How would you assess the Shippo founding
team’s founder-market fit?
2. How do you interpret the volume figures in
exhibit 7 and the churn numbers in exhibit 8? Does the app strategy appear to
be working? What are the app strategy’s unit economics as compared to the API
strategy? To answer this question, calculate LTV and CAC for each strategy.
3. What should Behrens Wu do: continue to focus
on the app, pivot to the API, or try to do both?
4. For each go to market strategy, what changes
would you make to the sales and product organizations?
CLASS 7. ALLSPICE
AllSpice is a SaaS
platform to help hardware developers collaborate during their product
development processes (aka “Github/Gitlab for hardware”). The company closed
its seed round and launched its product just before a severe market correction
in early 2022. The founders need to decide how fast to ramp their burn rate in
light of their early success, despite the turmoil in the capital markets, as
well as their go to market approach. Our class guest will be AllSpice cofounder
Valentina Ratner.
Readings:
- HBS Case 823-022 | AllSpice
- Blake Bartlett | What is Product-Led Growth?
- Neeraj Agarwal | Triple Triple Double Double
- The Sales Learning Curve
Optional Readings:
Assignment Questions:
1. If you were Valentina, would you ramp your burn rate? Why or why not?
2. What go to market approach should AllSpice pursue? Examine their goals for the Series A (exhibit 7b) under each of the three scenarios. Which scenarios seems more attractive to investors? Which scenario is the better approach to build a long-term, sustainable and valuable business? Or these two goals in synch in your opinion?
3. Neeraj Agarwal’s blog post shares a commonly
understand conventional wisdom for SaaS company growth. Assume AllSpice’s goal
for the Series A is to raise $10m on $30m pre (i.e., $40m post). If an
investor’s goal is to achieve a 10x on this investment (i.e., a $400m
valuation), when do you think AllSpice will grow into that valuation? Assume
the company’s valuation would be at a 10x revenue multiple and assume the
company follows whatever growth path you think appropriate from their YE 2023
goals. Does that seem realistic? Does that multi-year pro forma affect your
thinking on burn rate and go to market?
CLASS 8. BLITZY
Readings:
- HBS Case | Blitzy
- Mark Suster | The Fallacy of Channels: Startups Beware
- Jeff Bussgang | Entering StartUpLand Chapter 6: Sales
- Ben T. Smith IV | Managing the Startup-Big Company Relationships
- The State of AI 2025
CLASS 9. COMUN
In the spring of 2023, Abiel Gutierrez and Andres Santos, the co-founders of Comun, faced a pivotal moment. Their digital banking startup, designed to provide financial services to Latino immigrants in the U.S., had seen rapid growth. But alongside the early success came rising fraud and restrictive partner demands, threatening the company's core value proposition. With only a year's worth of runway and the fintech landscape heating up, Gutierrez and Santos needed to decide: stick with their existing partners and rapidly address their operational challenges or risk switching to new ones. What path would lead Comun to long-term success?
Readings:
- HBS Case | Comun
- Comun exhibits
- Jeff Bussgang | Every Company Needs a Growth Manager
- Jeff Bussgang | Your CAC Math Is Wrong, too
Optional Readings:
- The original growth hacker reveals his secrets | Sean Ellis
- Nick Kalliagkopoulos | COHORT ANALYSIS FOR STARTUPS 101
- Jonathan Hsu | Diligence at Social Capital Part 1: Accounting for User Growth
Assignment Questions:
- If you were the founders, what would you do about your underperforming partners? Develop a plan for the next twelve months that factors in (a) your cash on hand; (b) your burn rate; (c) the current marketing funnel performance and unit economics (see below); and (d) your team’s capabilities.
- If you were an investor, what milestones would you need to see before investing in Comun with high conviction?
- What are Comun's Customer Acquisition Costs (CAC) for TikTok and Facebook? Which channel appears more scalable, and what strategies would you recommend to improve CAC across these channels?
- Examine the payback curve for Comun's LTV/CAC ratio. What assumptions must hold true for LTV to exceed CAC over time? Analyze the impact of different monthly revenue figures (e.g., $6 vs. $3 per customer) on the payback period and LTV. What would the LTV look like under these scenarios?
MODULE 3: PF EXPERIMENTS
CLASS 10. SQUIRE
Squire is a vertical SaaS start-up for barbershops. The company
has struggled to convince investors that its market size is large enough to be
“venture-scalable” and just as the founders feel like they’re getting traction,
COVID-19 hits and their end users are forced to shut down. Should the founders
adjust their business model to meet the needs of their customers or the
feedback from their investors?
Readings:
· HBS Case 821-073 | A Close Shave at Squire
· Spreadsheet | Squire Exhibits 11, 12, and 13
· SimilarWeb | Market Sizing
·
Mike Vernal| The
Market Curve
Optional Readings:
·
A16Z | Fintech
Scales Vertical Saas
Assignment Questions:
1. Why are the founders getting push back from investors on total available market (TAM) size? Is it justified? What is your math with respect to the TAM/SAM/SOM for Squire?
2. Are the company’s unit economics attractive? In answering this question, calculate LTV and CAC based on the data from the exhibits. What assumptions do you need to believe for the company to have an attractive business?
3. What
should the founders do at the end of the case in terms of pricing (i.e., waive
SaaS subscription fees?) and staffing (i.e., initiate a layoff?)?
CLASS 11. SPROUT
Manilla-based Sprout is a leader in SaaS in the Philippines, an
attractive but small market. The founders are set to expand beyond their
initial application and initial market segment but are unsure of which
direction to pursue – and which is more financeable. Our class guest will be
Sprout co-founder Alex Gentry.
Readings:
· HBS Case 824-052| Sprout Solutions
·
Kyle Poyar | International Growth Is No Longer Optional for
SaaS Companies
Optional Readings
·
Bessemer | Six Product Strategies to Catalyze Your Second
Act
Assignment Questions:
1. What should the founders do: double down in
the Philippines or expand throughout SE Asia? If you think they should double
down in the Philippines, does that mean you disagree with OpenView’s Kyle
Poyar? If you think they should expand throughout SE Asia, how do you think
they can reconcile this with their “true north” of impacting lives in the
Philippines?
2. For whatever decision you recommend, create
the first page of the pitch deck to investors using no more than four bullet
points. Then, create the first page of the “all hands” company meeting to
announce the new direction.
3. Should the team pursue international or local
investors? Does their expansion path dictate their investor profile?
CLASS 12. FIXIE
SF-based Fixie was founded by a technical team with the vision of making generative AI useful in the enterprise. The company is off to a fast start and the market is white hot – perhaps too hot. Just as Fixie’s vision crystallizes and on the eve of launching their initial product, ChatGPT announces the creation of a competing platform. Now what? Will this startup be a casualty of the generative AI wave or can it nimbly position itself to be a winner? Our class guest will be Fixie founder Matt Welsh.
Readings:
- HBS Case | Fixie
Tech Target: Generative AI in the Enterprise Raises New Questions for CIOs
Optional Readings:
McKinsey | The Economic Potential of Generative AI
Sequoia’s Generative AI’s Act Two
Chip Hazard | Driving Developer Adoption
- Scott Raney | Services as Code: Selling through vs. Selling to Developers
Assignment Questions:
1. How should Welsh and team respond to the news that ChatGPT is building essentially what they are planning to launch?
2. What are some of the team’s key hypotheses? What experiments should they run to test these key hypotheses in the light of the news
3. When and how would you communicate to your
prospective series A investors?
CLASS 13. XYZ ROBOTICS
In August 2023, Jiaji Zhou, the founder and CEO of XYZ Robotics, a China-based startup striving to revolutionize the warehouse and manufacturing industries with advanced robotics solutions, faced a pivotal moment in his company's journey. Despite raising over $100 million in capital and receiving significant attention from the industry, XYZ was grappling with strategic challenges amid a shifting macroeconomic landscape. Zhou’s dilemma centered on whether to focus on one of the company’s two core products—the picking robot or the 3D machine vision system—or to continue pursuing both. As Zhou prepared to present his recommendation to the board, the question of focus, execution, and financing loomed large.
Readings:
- HBS Case 825-059 | XYZ RoboticsDownload XYZ Robotics
- XYZ Robotics | Data ExhibitsDownload Data Exhibits
- Please watch this videoLinks to an external site. from time 18:45 - 20:25 to get a vision of what the XYZ Robotics robots, and others like it (in this example, competitor Boston Dynamics), look like in a warehouse setting.
- Please watch this videoLinks to an external site. from Boston Dynamics showing off the Stretch mobile manipulation robot that the company released in 2022.
Optional Readings:
- The Economist | Robots are suddenly getting cleverer. What's changed? Download Robots are suddenly getting cleverer. What's changed?
- The Economist | The quest to build robots that look and behave like humans Download The quest to build robots that look and behave like humans
- Video | Figure Status Update - OpenAI Speech-to-Speech ReasoningLinks to an external site.
Assignment Questions:
- What should Jiaji Zhou do next – pivot towards the mobile manipulation market and develop the "Rocky" robot or continue to develop and incrementally improve its current product lines? How should he balance the company's growth ambitions with the need for profitability, especially in the context of current macroeconomic challenges?
- What process should Zhou undertake to assess the potential risks and benefits of this new direction? What implications does this decision have for the company’s future?
- How would you communicate your decision to the board of directors (in three bullet points)?
- Conduct a pro forma financial analysis of the two possible scenarios for XYZ Robotics using the provided income statement (Exhibit 7). Feel free to pair up with another student or two to team up on the analysis. Make whatever assumptions you think make the most logical sense for these two scenarios:
a. Invest & Pivot: XYZ invests heavily in R&D to accelerate the development of its mobile manipulation robot, targeting rapid growth in this product line, while gradually phasing out the 3D Vision System over the next three years.
b. Grow Gradually: XYZ adopts a more conservative growth strategy, maintaining its current product lines while prioritizing profitability by reducing operational and R&D costs.
c. For each scenario, calculate the high level P&L and cumulative cash flows over the next five years (2023-2027) and estimate the potential exit valuation (i.e., how valuable is this company under this scenario?) in 2027.
- What are your takeaways from your pro forma analysis and what does it say about Zhou’s decision?
CLASS 14. BUSINESS MODEL EXERCISE
In this exercise, teams of three or four students will analyze one team member’s proposed business model for a new venture with the goal of refining the model and specifying MVP tests for key hypotheses.
Readings:
- Jens-Fabian Goetzmann | You Can’t A/B Test Your Way to Greatness
In this exercise, your job is not only to evaluate your classmate’s planned experiments (i.e., process quality) but also their overall business model (i.e., idea quality). The assigned reading will help prime your thinking on the latter.
MODULE 4: THE STARTUP ORGANIZATION
CLASS 15. 10x Joiner Workshop
Information forthcoming
CLASS 16. BUILD WORKSHOP
Objectives
In this exercise, students will experiment using AI tools to further refine their proposed business models and prototype an artifact to get real customer feedback.
- Explore the possibilities for prototyping enabled by the latest AI tools.
- Think critically about the trade-offs of using AI in validating a business model.
- Develop your skills and confidence in building with AI tools, prototype, and increase your leverage beyond this class.
Readings
- Build Workshop Instructions
- Jeffrey Bussgang | The 10x Founder
- Scott Belsky | The Era of Scaling Without Growing
- Chapters 2 and 7 of The Experimentation Machine
Optional Reading/Podcast
Assignment & Submissions
See Build Workshop Instructions. Note that there are multiple levels of complexity and output that you can strive for as a team. This exercise is an opportune moment to experiment and push yourself when the stakes are low.
Team assignments located here.
NOTE: Please bring your laptop to class
Our class guest will be John Yang-Sammataro [for 1on1 office hours with John YS on Sunday or Monday, sign up here]
CLASS 17. AGENTIC AI WORKSHOP
In today’s class, we will conduct an exercise focused on startup hiring. We have touched on some of these themes with many cases and will use this class session to deconstruct the nuts and bolts of how to source, interview, and close candidates. Our class guest will be Claire Hughes Johnson, former COO and current Board member of Stripe.
In preparation, please read
the articles below (each of them is quite short).
Readings:
· Harj Taggar | How to Hire Your First Engineer
· Paul Blumenfeld | Do job specs matter?
·
First Round | The Playbook for Hiring the Right
Marketer at the Right Time for Your Startup
Optional Readings:
· Harj Taggar | Convincing Engineers to Join Your Team
· Jeff Bussgang | Valuing Those Pesky Stock Options
·
Carta | 2024 H1 Startup Compensation Report
MODULE 5: ECOSYSTEM AND ETHICS
CLASS 18. FOUNDER FIELD DAY
Born out of Harvard Business School, Rothenberg Ventures is off to a fast and promising start. Founded by Stanford and HBS alumnus, Mike Rothenberg, the firm aspires to be a disruptive force in the staid venture capital industry. Does the firm’s fall from grace represent an individual anomaly or something more systemic and insidious about StartUpLand? Our class guest will be former Rothenberg Ventures general partner Brandon Farwell. NOTE: Just focus on pages 1-8 of the case. The remainder can be skimmed as it is anchored on Fran Hauser’s decision, which is not the focus of our class discussion.
Readings:
· HBS Case 815-101 | Founder Field Day
· The Rise and Fall of a Virtual Gatsby
· The SEC Has Charged Mike Rothenberg For Fraud
· The Ugly, Unethical Underside of Silicon Valley
Assignment Questions:
1. How would you summarize RV’s investing strategy at the time of the case? What is their competitive advantage as investors?
2. If you were an entrepreneur, would you take their money? If you were a limited partner, would you invest in their next fund?
3. After reading the assigned articles that came out after the case, why do you think things went so wrong at the firm? If you were an LP on the firm’s advisory committee, what might you have done differently?
4. If you were Brandon Farwell, what might you have done differently?
CLASS 19. KHATABOOK
India-based Khatabook is a digital ledger app for small businesses to record financial transactions and accept payments online. The company’s product-led growth strategy has yielded promising results in the face of strong competition. But with zero revenue and sky-high expectations, the founding team is faced with a series of dilemmas regarding where to focus next. Our class guest will be Khatabook founder/CEO Ravish Naresh.
Readings:
- HBS Case 821-006 | Khatabook
- Jeff Bussgang | Entering StartUpLand-Chapter 5: The Growth Manager
- Tom Byers | Finding Our Values: A New Era of Entrepreneurship Education
Optional Readings:
- Nicholas Epley and Amit Kumar | How to Design an Ethical Organization
- Catherine Clifford | Home Depot co-founder reveals why the company stocked shelves with empty boxes in its early days
Assignment Questions:
1. What should Naresh do at the end of the case: focus on growth/top of the funnel, usage/bottom of the funnel, or monetization?
2. What is your assessment of Khatabook’s decisions to date with respect to monetization timing?
3. If you think it’s time for monetization, what monetization experiments should Naresh run?
4. Do you agree with the Ravish’s choices to date more generally? How would you compare his actions and approach in building Khatabook to other entrepreneurs we have studied far?
CLASS 20. EVERLYWELL
Everlywell is an at-home lab testing startup achieving strong
growth in a competitive market. In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic begins to
sweep through the United States and the company is faced with both the
challenge and opportunity to step in and develop at-home coronavirus tests despite
concerns from regulators and the risk of distraction from their core strategy.
Readings:
· HBS Case | Everlywell
· Claudine Gartenberg and George Serafeim | 181 Top CEOs Have Realized Companies Need a Purpose Beyond Profit
· Natasha Singer | Lawmakers Question Start-Ups on At-home Kits for Coronavirus Testing
· Milton Friedman | A Friedman doctrine‐- The Social Responsibility Of Business Is to Increase Its Profits
Optional Readings:
· Atlantic | US Coronavirus Testing Could Fail Again
Assignment Questions:
1. Did Cheek do the right thing to pursue the coronavirus test from a shareholder perspective?
2. What experiments could the company have run to reduce regulatory risk
3. Given the FDA news, what should Cheek do now?
CLASS 21. Windsurf
Info forthcoming
MODULE 6: FINANCING AND EXITS
CLASS 22. REMO
ReMo is a climate tech startup with little technical innovation but significant business model innovation that is capital intensive to execute. The founders have a clear vision but are struggling with the execution and financing path to realize it. Our class guest will be ReMo co-founder Bhargavi Chevva.
Readings:
· HBS Case 824-027 | ReMo Energy
· The Engine | A Blueprint for Tough Tech Entrepreneurs
Optional Readings:
· Fortune | Why this Venture Capitalist is Tackling Tough Tech
Assignment Questions:
1. Evaluate each of the financing options the founders are facing. Which would you recommend and why?
CLASS 23. CHIEF
Chief is a private network for female executives. The company
has gotten early positive indications of product-market fit post-launch but the
founders are unsure how aggressively to expand the service. Should they abandon
lean principles and blitzscale? Our class guest will be Chief co-founder Lindsay Kaplan.
Readings:
· HBS Case 920-021 | Scaling at Chief
· Tim Sullivan | Blitzscaling
·
Manas J. Saloi |Premature
Scaling Will Kill Your Startup
Optional Readings:
· Ben Horowitz | The Case for the Fat startup
·
Fred Wilson | Being
Fat is Not Healthy
Assignment Questions:
1. Does Chief represent an attractive business model (i.e., should it be worth 10x revenue or 2x)? Why?
2. Has Chief achieved product-market fit (PMF)? What more would you like to see to have high conviction on PMF if you were Childers and Kaplan
3. The two assigned readings represent different approaches to startup scaling – or do they? What should Childers and Kaplan do with respect to their scaling decision: how aggressive should they be and how much money should they attempt to raise?
4.
The case notes on page
5 that Chief’s seed round was $3m and led by two early-stage VC firms. The case
doesn’t disclose that the two lead partners on the deal from each firm are men. How should that effect the founders’ thinking on who it
should raise money from in the upcoming Series A round, if at all?
CLASS 24. Alaan
Readings:
- HBS Case XXX-XXX | Alaan
- Spreadsheet | Alaan Cap Table Math Exercise
- Kristy Nathoo | The Y Combinator Deal
Optional Readings:
- Lee Hower | What Milestones Are Needed to Raise a Series A
CLASS 25. PITCH WORKSHOP
The startup pitch exercise will
be an opportunity to learn about how to pitch your startup and then watch four
of your classmates put the learnings in action. There
is no case to prepare for the session. Instead, please read the two assigned
readings below and come ready to both support and critique your classmates.
Readings:
- Background Note | Raising Startup Capital
- Jeff Bussgang | Mastering the VC Game Chapter 1
- Watch this video of Jeff Bussgang (on 1.2x speed, it will take ~ 16 minutes) or skim the transcript (~ 8-10 minutes) for a tutorial on how to effectively pitch your startup.
- Mini Stories video from Jason Yeh
This tool can be used to answer important questions investors might have with more impact. When you’re good at using mini stories, you can address a variety of questions with just a few, go-to mini stories.
Documenting a story even once will help activate pathways in your brain around a narrative structure for telling it in the future so you won’t have to make something up on the fly. Writing mini-stories is more about creating goal posts to help you tell a natural story.
Another great exercise for developing helpful mini-stories is “First, Last, WOW”. Create a grid and fill out reminders of the FIRST story you can remember, the most recent (LAST) story, and the most eye-popping (WOW) story for each of the topics. This brainstorm will remind you of some great things that could be used in a variety of conversations.
Optional Readings:
- Geoff Ralston | A Guide to Seed Fundraising
CLASS 26. Base44/Wix
Readings:
- HBS Case XXX-XXX | Base44
- Noam Wasserman | Founder’s Dilemma
Optional Readings:
- Paul Graham | The Equity Equation
CLASS 27. WRAP
This final class is dedicated to reviewing and
discussing the concepts learned during this course as well as stepping back and
sharing a few observations about an entrepreneurial life.
Readings:
· Clayton Christensen | How will you measure your life?
· Hannah Weisman | The Meaning of Work
·
Jon Jachimowicz, et al | The
Unexpected Benefits of Pursuing a Passion Outside of Work
Assignment Questions:
1. Please complete the Feedback Poll on LTV Cases & Sessions.
2. Please bring your laptop to class to complete the HBS Course Evaluation.
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